Expansion and intensification of row crop agriculture in the Pampas and Espinal of Argentina can reduce ecosystem service provision by changing...

La expansión y el manejo intensivo de la agricultura alteran la calidad del hábitat y los servicios del ecosistema. En este trabajo se utilizó un programa de monitoreo de largo plazo y gran escala para analizar las relaciones entre las densidades de especies de aves en los agroecosistemas de las pampas argentinas y del espinal chaqueno en función del uso actual agrícola de las tierras. La aparente flexibilidad de muchas especies de aves comunes que potencialmente ofrecen los servicios de control de plagas en la adaptación a la gran expansión de los cultivos en los paisajes agrícolas de las ecorregiones Pampa y Espinal sugiere que puede haber un nivel considerable de la resistencia dentro de esos sistemas para el mantenimiento de los servicios de los ecosistemas relacionados. Sin embargo, se observa la necesidad de un manejo adecuado para garantizar el mantenimiento a largo plazo de la diversidad de aves y la redundancia de la comunidad para proporcionar niveles adecuados de servicios de los ecosistemas relacionados con las aves.

...avian density

Gregorio I. Gavier-Pizarro, Noelia C. Calamari, Jeffrey J. Thompson, Sonia B. Canavelli, Laura M. Solari, Julieta Decarre, Andrea P. Goijman, Romina P. Suarez, Jaime N. Bernardos, María Elena Zaccagnini

Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 154: 44– 55 (2012)

 

In Argentina, the rapid expansion and intensification of row crop production that has occurred during the last 20 years has resulted in the loss of habitat and spatial heterogeneity in agroecosystems. One of the principal effects of industrialized row crop production is the loss of avian diversity and associated ecosystem services that benefit crop production. To better understand the response of bird species to the intensification and expansion of row crop agriculture in Argentina, and the potential effects on the provision of ecosystems services, we analyzed the relationship between short- and long-term changes in agricultural land use on the densities of six bird species (Milvago chimango, Caracara plancus, Tyrannus savana, Zenaida auriculata, Molothrus bonariensis, and Sturnella supercilliaris) using data from a large-scale, long-term avian monitoring program in central Argentina. Species densities responded individually to long-term landuse changes; T. savana and M. chimango densities were positively related to an increase in the annual cropping area, whereas C. plancus and S. supercilliaris were positively related to the area of nonplowed fields. M. bonariensis and Z. auriculata (considered crop pests) showed a weak relationship with land use. None of the species exhibited response to short-term changes in land-use. Although generalist species can apparently adapt to a diversity of open habitats, species that provide pest control services were also related to semi-natural habitats and thus likely to suffer from land transformation associated with intensive agricultural management. Our results, as well as those found in similar systems, denote strong inferential evidence that the disappearance of remnants of natural and semi-natural habitats in heavily transformed agricultural landscapes will have a substantial negative effect on the provision of pest control services provided by avian abundance and diversity.